Monitoring of rock movements and crack changes with linear potentiometers

Monitoring the structural integrity of rock faces plays a crucial role in industries such as mining and geotechnical engineering. The precise recording of rock movements and crack changes is essential for recognising potential dangers at an early sta

Linear potentiometers from WayCon Positionsmesstechnik GmbH are contact-based position sensors that convert the linear displacement of an object into an electrical signal. Their functional principle is based on a resistor element that is mechanically scanned by a slider. The resulting change in voltage provides an accurate measurement of the change in position. This simple but effective technology makes linear potentiometers extremely robust and reliable, especially in harsh environments, for example outdoors.

A major advantage of these linear sensors is their high protection class of up to IP67, which protects them against dust, moisture and other environmental influences. Their ability to tolerate low and high temperatures (-30 to +100 °C) extends their range of applications, especially in mountainous regions where temperature fluctuations can be severe. These properties not only ensure the longevity of the position sensors, but also the continuity of the measurement data, even under extreme conditions.

In long-term use, WayCon linear potentiometers are often installed in conjunction with fixed or movable reference points on rock faces. The continuous measurement of the positions allows the slightest shifts or crack changes to be detected. This continuous monitoring makes it possible to identify trends in rock movement at an early stage and assess potential risks. In addition, the linear measurement data provides a basis for the modelling and prediction of future developments, thus enabling proactive maintenance and safety planning.

Another factor that speaks for the use of linear potentiometers is their versatility in terms of fixing and integration. They can be flexibly attached to different surfaces without negatively affecting the stability of the rock face. The sensors can be used for large-scale monitoring projects as well as for spot measurements, making them an indispensable tool for geologists, engineers and safety officers.

Cable-pull sensors offer an alternative to linear potentiometers, providing a flexible measuring cable that makes them particularly well-suited for rock faces with complex geometries. A good example of successful early detection using such sensors is the blasting on the Axenstrasse in Switzerland in October 2024.

In summary, linear potentiometers can be regarded as a cost-effective, robust and precise solution for monitoring rock movements and crack changes. Their technical properties and resistance to adverse environmental influences make them an indispensable component of modern geotechnical monitoring systems. In view of the increasing importance of safety measures in endangered areas, these sensors will continue to play a central role in the early detection and prevention of natural hazards in the future.