Cubic Instruments Portable Emissions Testing Solution Supports Turkey's Stage V Non-Road Machinery Compliance

How Cubic Instruments Gasboard-9805 Facilitates Turkey's Stage V In-Service Monitoring Requirements

Turkey's Stage V Regulatory Framework

Turkey regulates non-road mobile machinery (NRMM) emissions under a framework aligned with the EU's Stage V standards. Through its long-standing harmonization of technical legislation with the European Union under the EU–Turkey Customs Union framework, Turkey has adopted Regulation 2016/1628/AB, which closely aligns with the EU's NRMM Regulation (EU) 2016/1628. The regulation establishes essentially the same emission limits framework for engines installed in non-road mobile machinery, including construction and agricultural equipment, forestry machinery, generators, forklifts, and ground support equipment used in ports and airports. The regulation entered into force in September 2020, and under its transitional provisions, non-road mobile machinery placed on the Turkish market has, with limited exceptions, been phased into Stage V emission standards since 2023.

Compared with previous emission stages, Stage V extends emission compliance beyond laboratory type approval by introducing In-Service Monitoring (ISM), as specified in Article 20 of Regulation 2016/1628/AB. Under the ISM framework, manufacturers are required to monitor emissions from engines already placed on the market under representative operating conditions. Compliance assessments typically rely on Portable Emissions Measurement Systems (PEMS) to measure gaseous pollutants including CO, HC, and NOx during real-world operation. For manufacturers and testing organizations in Turkey, emission compliance is no longer confined to the laboratory; it now extends to construction sites, farms, ports, and other real operating environments where machinery performs its intended duty.

The Challenges of Measuring Emissions in the Field

Real-world testing introduces greater variability than laboratory testing and places higher demands on measurement accuracy, system reliability, and data integrity:
• Accurate emissions measurement under dynamic operating conditions: Non-road mobile machinery operates under changing loads and working conditions. Unlike controlled laboratory environments, field testing involves continuous vibration, dust, and wide swings in ambient temperature, humidity, and pressure. Maintaining accurate and stable measurement performance throughout the test is therefore critical for obtaining reliable emissions data.
• Synchronized, multi-source data collection: Compliance-grade testing requires accurately synchronized data including gas concentration, exhaust flow, location, and ambient condition throughout the test. Managing separate, unaligned data streams from different instruments increases the risk of gaps and misalignment directly affecting the quality and integrity of the final test results.
• Independent operation in remote locations: Real-world emissions testing is often carried out in remote locations, such as open farmland, construction sites, or remote job locations, where access to reliable external power is limited. Portable emissions measurement systems must therefore operate autonomously for extended periods while remaining easy to transport and mount on the machinery being tested.

Meeting these challenges requires a portable emissions measurement system purpose-built for real-world deployment, combining high-precision measurement performance, integrated data acquisition, and dependable operation wherever machinery works.

Cubic Advanced PEMS Solution Gasboard-9805 For Real-World Emissions Testing

Cubic Instruments, a leading manufacturer of advanced gas sensors and gas analyzers with nearly two decades of expertise in automotive emissions measurement, has developed Gasboard-9805, a portable emissions testing system (PEMS) designed for real-world emissions testing. The system provides manufacturers and testing organizations with a complete solution for demonstrating compliance with Turkey's Stage V in-service monitoring requirements.

Gasboard-9805 integrates gas analysis, exhaust flow measurement, GPS positioning, environmental monitoring, and engine operating status via the OBD interface into a single PEMS platform. Depending on the machinery categories, the system can be configured with PEMS-GAS, PEMS-THC, and PEMS-EFM modules to measure the pollutants and operating parameters required for real-world emissions testing of non-road machinery.

The PEMS-GAS module combines non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) technology for CO and CO2 measurement with ultraviolet differential optical absorption spectroscopy (UV-DOAS) technology for direct measurement of NO and NO2. A dedicated PEMS-THC module measures total hydrocarbons (THC) based on hydrogen flame ionization detection (HFID) technology, while the integrated PEMS-EFM measures exhaust flow rate, providing the data required to calculate mass emissions in accordance with regulatory procedures. While PN measurement is not part of current Stage V in-service monitoring requirements, Gasboard-9805's modular architecture also includes an optional PEMS-PN module, allowing the system to support particulate number measurement if testing requirements expand in the future.

Long-duration field testing places high demands on NOx measurement stability and reliability. Conventional converter-based NOx measurement determines NO2 through catalytic conversion, making overall measurement accuracy dependent on converter efficiency, which can gradually decline with catalyst aging or contamination. Gasboard-9805 directly measures NO and NO2 individually based on UV-DOAS technology, eliminating the need for catalytic conversion and reducing the risk of converter-related drift during extended field testing.

Accurate compliance reporting requires more than reliable gas measurement. It also depends on precise correlation between measured emissions data and operating conditions at the time. Gasboard-9805 automatically time-aligns all measurement channels as data is recorded, so that gaseous pollutants, exhaust flow, location, ambient conditions, and engine operating status all correspond to the same moment throughout the test, producing a complete dataset ready for emissions analysis, mass emissions calculation, and regulatory reporting. Gasboard-9805's time alignment function also removes the need to manually calibrate or synchronize separate standalone instruments before testing begins.

Designed specifically for field deployment, Gasboard-9805 maintains reliable and stable measurement performance under continuous vibration and changes in atmospheric pressure, temperature, and humidity throughout in-service monitoring of non-road machinery. An integrated battery provides more than four hours of continuous operation, enabling self-contained testing throughout typical in-service monitoring tests.

In addition, preparing data for submission after a field test often requires extensive manual compilation and formatting. Gasboard-9805 automatically organizes recorded test data and generates standardized reports through integrated PC software, significantly reducing the time and effort required to prepare documentation for regulatory submission.

Gasboard-9805 has already been applied to real-world emissions testing on forklifts, harvesters, dump trucks, and tractors, with measurement capability aligned with EU emissions testing requirements.

Why Cubic Instruments

Cubic Instruments brings nearly two decades of experience in gas sensing and emissions measurement technologies, with expertise covering NDIR, UV-DOAS, HFID, and other advanced sensing technology platforms. By combining sensor innovation with application-focused engineering, Cubic Instruments develops measurement solutions designed for the practical challenges of real-world emissions testing.

Built on proven sensing technologies and field experience across non-road machinery applications, Gasboard-9805 provides manufacturers and testing institutions with reliable measurement performance for Stage V in-service compliance testing. With reliable instrumentation, application expertise, and responsive technical support, Cubic Instruments helps customers conduct accurate and efficient in-service emissions testing throughout the Stage V compliance process.

As Turkey continues its transition toward stricter non-road emissions requirements, Cubic Instruments is ready to support the industry with accurate, reliable, and practical emissions measurement solutions for future regulatory compliance.