What Is Computer Number Control In Manufacturing?

CNC

Computer numerical control (CNC) is a manufacturing technology that uses computer-based systems to precisely control and automate the movement of machinery and tools. It replaces traditional manual operations with programmed sequences to ensure high precision and efficiency in various manufacturing processes.

The entire CNC machining process mainly includes 4 key links:

1. Control system: CNC machine tools are equipped with computers or controllers that interpret and execute CNC programs.

2. Drive motors: These motors control the movement of the machine axes (X, Y, Z) and the tool.

3. Feedback system: Sensors and encoders provide feedback to the controller to ensure precise positioning and motion control.

4. Tooling: Various cutting tools, such as end mills, drills or lasers, are used to shape workpieces.

Here are nine common processing methods:

CNC Turning: CNC turning uses a lathe, which is specialized in manufacturing cylindrical and conical parts. It excels in high-volume production due to its efficiency and ability to maintain tight tolerances.

CNC Milling: CNC milling uses rotating tools to precisely remove material from a workpiece to create complex 2D and 3D shapes.

CNC Drilling: CNC drilling provides precise hole positioning and is ideal for applications that require high-precision hole positioning, such as electronic component manufacturing.

CNC Laser Cutting: CNC laser cutting uses a high-energy laser beam to provide precise cutting and engraving. Its high accuracy and speed make it the first choice for industries such as sheet metal fabrication, signage manufacturing and complex engraving.

CNC Grinding: Use CNC grinders to achieve high-precision surface finishes and contours. It excels in applications requiring high surface quality and provides precise dimensional control.

CNC plasma cutting: CNC plasma cutting uses high-temperature plasma flames to cut metal sheets, especially suitable for thicker materials. This method is critical for industries that require efficient metal cutting of components such as structural members and metal panels.

CNC Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM): Material removal from complex parts using electric discharge. This is an essential processing step in the production of precision tools and molds

CNC water jet cutting: CNC water jet cutting has the unique advantages of cold cutting, is suitable for a variety of materials, including heat-sensitive materials, and provides high-precision cutting.

CNC Routing: CNC Routing specializes in shaping and engraving materials such as wood, plastic, and composites using CNC routers. It is widely used in carpentry, signage production and the manufacture of decorative components, enabling complex and detailed designs.

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