Components of die casting mold

fixed mold and movable mold

Die-casting mold is a vital tool in the die-casting process. Its design and manufacturing directly affect the quality and production efficiency of castings. The die-casting mold mainly consists of two parts: the fixed mold and the movable mold.

1. Fixed mold (fixed mold)

The fixed mold is the main component of the die-casting mold. It is fixed on the mold mounting plate of the die-casting machine and connected to the nozzle or pressure chamber through the runner. The main function of the fixed mold is to form the mold cavity together with the movable mold and guide the liquid metal into the mold cavity. The specific components of the fixed mold are as follows:

Fixed mold insert: The fixed mold insert is the core component of the fixed mold. It directly contacts and forms a part of the casting. Its material needs to have high wear resistance and good thermal conductivity.

Fixed mold cover plate: The fixed mold cover plate is the basic plate for installing and fixing the fixed mold insert. It provides support and positioning for the fixed mold insert.

Guide pillar: The guide pillar is used to ensure that the fixed mold and the movable mold are accurately aligned when closed, to prevent the mold from deflecting during the opening and closing process, and to ensure the accuracy of the casting.

Wedges and inclined guide posts: Wedges and inclined guide posts are mainly used for the core-pulling mechanism of the fixed mold. They can achieve complex demoulding actions during the mold opening process and improve the flexibility of the mold.

Sprue bushing: The sprue bushing is part of the sprue system and is responsible for guiding liquid metal into the mold cavity. Its design and layout directly affect the smoothness of metal flow and the quality of castings.

Fixed mold core pulling mechanism: The fixed mold core pulling mechanism is used to smoothly take out complex casting parts when opening the mold. Usually contains some slides and hydraulics.

2. Moving mold (rear mold)

The movable mold, also called the rear mold, is another important part of the die-casting mold. The movable mold is fixed on the movable mold mounting plate of the die-casting machine and can move together with the movable mold mounting plate to open and close the mold. The main function of the movable mold is to form a cavity when it is closed with the fixed mold, and to push the casting out when the mold is opened. The specific components of the dynamic mold are as follows:

Movable mold insert: The movable mold insert corresponds to the fixed mold insert and forms another part of the casting. It also needs to have high wear resistance and good thermal conductivity.

Moving die cover plate: The movable die cover plate provides support and fixation for the movable die insert and is an important part of the movable die structure.

Ejection mechanism: The ejection mechanism on the movable mold is used to eject the casting from the mold cavity when the mold is opened. The ejection mechanism usually includes components such as an ejector pin, an ejection plate, and a reset mechanism.

Moving mold slider: The movable mold slider is used in conjunction with the inclined guide pillar in the fixed mold. It is mainly used to form complex casting structures and achieve automatic core pulling and demoulding when opening the mold.

Locking mechanism: The locking mechanism in the movable mold is used to ensure that the movable mold and the fixed mold are closely matched when the mold is closed to prevent leakage when liquid metal is injected into the mold cavity under high pressure.