The liquid cooling manifold has evolved from an auxiliary component inside precision air conditioners into core infrastructure for high-density AI data centers, as single-cabinet heat loads surge from 20kW beyond 100kW, breaking air cooling's limits and demanding fully sealed, leak-proof pipelines. Zero leakage, precise fluid delivery and hot-swap maintainability are now...
The liquid cooling manifold has moved into the core position as AI computing boosts rack power density from barely-coolable 20kW to 50-100kW-plus GPU cabinets. Air cooling relied on massive air volume and pressure-driven convection, leaving early fluid distributors as auxiliary parts inside precision air conditioners; now sealed pipelines with zero-leakage tolerance make...
Dell Technologies has expanded its Smart Cooling portfolio with flexible cooling architectures for high-density AI operations, centered on rear door heat exchangers that capture server exhaust at the rack and support up to 60kW per rack standalone, reaching 120kW when combined with direct-to-chip cooling. The integrated cabinet heat exchanger captures 100% of IT heat at ...
Liquid cooling is an integrated system, not just a single CDU, according to Schneider Electric's Cold Truths of the Thermal Industry column, which debunks the widespread myth that installing a CDU alone completes an upgrade. The ecosystem spans rear door heat exchangers capturing server exhaust, manifolds distributing coolant evenly across computing nodes with precision ...
This deep dive into CDU core architecture covers the Cooling Distribution Unit's three functions—efficient cold transfer, dual-loop physical isolation and dynamic flow distribution—via plate heat exchangers achieving 93-97% efficiency with zero media mixing. Redundant 1-active-1-standby pumps switch within 5 seconds to prevent GPU thermal shutdown, while variable-frequen...
The liquid cooling CDU sits between primary cold sources and secondary IT equipment, performing coolant circulation, filtration, pressure stabilization and heat exchange, with variable-frequency pump groups and intelligent logic pushing PUE near the theoretical minimum and millisecond-level regulation for high-precision computing. Product lines span rack-mounted units fo...
Three mainstream liquid cooling technologies serve modern data centers. Direct-to-Chip (D2C) cooling circulates coolant through cold plates directly above CPUs and GPUs in a closed loop driven by onboard pumps, with CDUs removing up to 80kW, variable-frequency load matching and rack-mounted layouts shortening pipelines. Rear Door Heat Exchanger (RDHx) offers a retrofit-f...
CDU has become the core pivotal device of AI data center liquid cooling, acting as the system's heart: server cold plates absorb CPU and GPU heat while CDUs drive continuous coolant circulation, heat transfer and cooling. Market leaders demonstrate scale—Vertiv's CoolChip CDU 2300 delivers 2.3MW, LG's DTC CDU 1.4MW, and NVIDIA's DTC solution achieves near-zero cooling wa...
Official industry analysis concludes liquid cooling is a mandatory thermal solution for AI compute clusters as NVIDIA's Rubin platform enters full liquid cooling mass production in Q3, with 2300W single-chip and 140kW rack power far beyond air cooling's 30kW limit, while mandatory PUE policies require legacy air-cooled rooms to complete transformation before 2028. Liquid...
This analysis of the global CDU industry and top 20 liquid cooling suppliers examines how CDUs—combining plate heat exchangers, circulation and makeup pumps, filters, leak sensors, regulating valves and controllers—perform flow distribution, temperature regulation and pressure balance. Two heat exchange routes dominate: liquid-to-liquid CDUs achieve PUE below 1.05 for ne...
NVIDIA's Rubin platform officially mandates full liquid cooling—fan-free racks, 45℃ warm-water cooling and rigid metal pipelines—raising single-rack cooling value by 17% versus GB300 and 34% versus air-cooled models, with microchannel cold plates, blind-plug connectors and CDU pumps accounting for nearly 90% of system costs. Blind-plug connector usage doubles with 2026 g...
A complete cold room refrigeration unit forms a closed phase-change loop of compressor, condenser, expansion valve and evaporator: piston, scroll, screw and centrifugal compressors match different capacities, air/water/evaporative condensers balance installation and efficiency, thermal and electronic expansion valves throttle precisely, and air coolers or pipe evaporator...
China's modern cold storage industry, starting in 1955, has achieved standardized full-link cold chain coverage, and since 2020 national support policies have driven automated management and energy reduction. Cold rooms are classified by temperature, structure, refrigerant and capacity, from small civilian to large industrial facilities, with small systems operating a cl...
Cold rooms regulate temperature via artificial refrigeration, serving food cold chain, pharmaceutical, chemical and industrial fields, and are classified by function into pre-cooling rooms, quick-freezing rooms at -18℃ and below, low-temperature frozen storage at -18℃ to -25℃, ice storage and industrial process rooms, and by structure into civil and prefabricated assembl...
This 60-year evolution review traces data center cooling from IBM's 1966 water-cooled mainframes through three decades of air cooling dominance to today's AI era, when B200 GPUs exceeding 1000W push single racks past 100kW, and liquid cooling's 3,000-4,000 times higher heat-carrying capacity becomes mandatory. Five stages mark the journey: early water cooling; standardiz...
As AI GPU power exceeds 500W and even 1000W, data centers shift from insufficient computing power to insufficient heat dissipation, making the liquid cooling circulation pump the heart of the system: it drives closed-loop coolant delivery to chip microchannels, occupying 35% of CDU cost while CDUs hold 30-40% of total liquid cooling system value. 2026 marks a watershed a...
Yinlun is positioned as the most undervalued core leader in AI liquid cooling, leveraging 40 years of vehicle thermal management expertise to enter CDU heat exchanger supply, a segment accounting for 30% of CDU system value. Its 276-layer precision plate design delivers 700kW heat dissipation under a 602mm height limit. As the exclusive domestic qualified supplier for le...
Shenling Environment, a core Huawei supplier, delivers one-stop liquid cooling solutions spanning precision air conditioners, CDUs and liquid cooling modules, with CDU products ranking first in domestic market share per CCID Consulting. Revenue grew from RMB 1.8 billion in 2021 to RMB 4.2 billion in 2025, up 39.6%, with net margin rebounding to 5.2%. Three positives driv...
As NVIDIA's VR-200 platform enters mass production with 1800-2300W GPUs and 200kW+ racks, full liquid cooling has become mandatory and the manifold determines loop tightness. Traditional welding holds yields near 67%, but DELIGHTEOS's full-process solution—self-developed DKLW fiber laser machines from 1500W to 6000W with ±0.02mm positioning and segmented symmetrical skip...
On June 21, 2026, NVIDIA announced Vera Rubin infrastructure adopts 100% liquid cooling with 45°C maximum coolant and fan-free cabinets; the NVL72 integrates 72 Rubin GPUs and 36 Vera CPUs. Morgan Stanley values a single NVL144 rack's liquid cooling at USD 55,710, up 17% versus GB300. Cold plate microchannels narrow from 150μm to 100μm, though mass production yield stays...
As GPU power climbs from 300W to over 1000W—with H100 at 700W, B200 above 1000W and GB200 NVL72 racks over 120kW—air cooling has hit physical and economic limits, making Direct-to-Chip liquid cooling mainstream and NVIDIA's Vera Rubin NVL72, integrating 72 Rubin GPUs and 36 Vera CPUs, a 100% liquid cooling standard. Nearly all core components—cold plates with microchanne...
Beijing DeepSuan Source Technology positions the liquid cooling manifold as the decisive reliability hub of AI cooling loops, bridging CDUs and GPU cold plates with paired supply-return structures that distribute coolant evenly, stabilize pressure pulses and support hot-swap branch isolation via leak-proof blind plugs. Replacing on-site threaded connections and hundreds ...
EXTRCOOL, a China leading data center liquid cooling supplier with over 4 million devices deployed across 100+ countries and 10GW installed capacity, delivers modular CDUs, rear door heat exchangers, manifolds and secondary loop pipes achieving PUE below 1.05 and 40%+ energy savings versus air cooling. Its five innovations span customizable modular hardware for retrofits...
EXTRCOOL designs custom data center liquid cooling CDU solutions for rack densities from 40 to 100 kilowatts, with air-to-liquid units—rack-mounted 4U/6U models handling 10-30kW and floor cabinets up to 100kW—serving facilities without chilled water, while liquid-to-liquid CDUs using 316L stainless steel brazed plate heat exchangers deliver 100kW to over 1MW per cabinet....
EXTRCOOL operates as a professional rack liquid cooling CDU factory with CE certification, meeting the EU Low Voltage and Electromagnetic Compatibility directives plus RoHS, UL and CCS marks. Its rack-mounted CDUs split into liquid-to-air 4U/6U units with internal heat exchangers and variable-speed fans for facilities without water loops, and liquid-to-liquid units using...
EXTRCOOL, an established OEM liquid cooling manifold exporter, supplies rack-mounted, ceiling-suspended, over-floor and underfloor manifolds that distribute dielectric and aqueous coolants evenly to cold plates, eliminating local hot spots. While traditional air-cooled facilities frequently exceed PUE 1.3—over thirty percent of power going to cooling—liquid distribution ...
This guide from EXTRCOOL addresses hyperscale thermal management with rear door heat exchangers that capture heat at the rack exhaust, enabling cabinet-by-cabinet density upgrades without disrupting room airflow. Each system pairs the door unit—with internal fans and high-efficiency copper coils—with a coolant buffer tank, dedicated chiller module and outdoor dry cooler ...
EXTRCOOL has achieved official IECEE CB certification, a mutual recognition scheme accepted across more than 50 countries that eliminates repetitive regional testing barriers, strengthening trust in the company as a China top rear door heat exchanger RDHX supplier. The certification joins existing CE, RoHS, UL and CCS credentials. Headquartered in Guangdong with a Singap...
At Data Center World USA, EXTRCOOL showcased its dual-line rack-level thermal portfolio—liquid-to-liquid CDUs alongside rear door heat exchangers—that capture heat at the server exhaust, enabling operators to scale legacy racks to 50kW and above while keeping intake temperatures within thresholds. Features include plug-and-play 19/21-inch retrofit, corrosion-resistant st...
EXTRCOOL, a China top cold storage refrigeration equipment manufacturer, addresses the 30-50% share of electricity consumed by refrigeration with a four-dimensional energy efficiency matrix covering compressor efficiency, condensing pressure control, intelligent defrosting and broad-range system matching. AI-driven variable frequency scroll and rotor compressors match co...
EXTRCOOL, a professional cold room refrigeration unit supplier, addresses legacy fixed-speed drawbacks—inrush current spikes, ±2°C temperature swings and poor partial-load COP—with AI-driven full inverter split refrigeration systems featuring step-free capacity regulation. The inverter compressor ramps smoothly during peak loads and scales down to offset ambient heat gai...
Global logistics brands choose EXTRCOOL, a China top 10 freezer room refrigeration unit factory, for AI-Driven Full Inverter systems pairing GMCC EVI DC inverter dual-rotor compressors, with AI algorithms monitoring storage volume, ambient shifts and door frequencies to hold ±0.5°C across -20°C to 40°C while eliminating startup surges. One platform serves five scenarios:...
EXTRCOOL engineers custom liquid cooling container data center solutions matched to each site's compute density and climate, fitting direct-to-chip systems into standard 20-foot or 40-foot enclosures. Inside, liquid-to-liquid or air-to-liquid CDUs, stainless steel manifold arrays and rear door heat exchangers form a cohesive closed loop with quick-disconnect fittings and...
The CDU has become the core thermal backbone of modern liquid-cooled data centers, with compact air-to-liquid units enabling low-threshold phased upgrades for traditional and space-limited rooms, manifold-integrated designs balancing coolant shunting and loop pressure across multi-rack scenarios, and high-efficiency models cutting invalid energy loss for medium and high-...
On August 6, Envision Group commissioned the Ulanqab Star River Base, the world's largest single-body AI computing supercomplex, covering 120,000 square meters with million-level parallel computing cards and millions of PetaFLOPS, setting new global AI infrastructure density records. With 2GW planned capacity, the flagship of the Gobi Mission targets China's largest AI c...
Envicool's two decades of thermal expertise paved its way into the NVIDIA MGX ecosystem, after NVIDIA's global audit team visited its Shenzhen Longhua facility in spring 2025 and selected its UQD quick connectors and MQD manifolds, marking a leading position among Chinese liquid cooling enterprises. Growing from telecom base station temperature control into AI data cente...
