24 kV Current Transformer (Outdoor Type) is a medium-voltage instrument transformer designed for 24 kV power systems, typically used on 22 kV distribution networks. It is installed in outdoor substations, pole-mounted structures, and open-air switchyards to measure high primary current and convert it into a standardized secondary current (usually 1 A or 5 A) for metering...
Bushing Current Transformer (BCT) is a type of current transformer installed around the bushing of a power transformer, circuit breaker, or switchgear. It is designed to measure current or provide protection signals by using the existing high-voltage bushing as the primary conductor. Unlike standalone CTs, a BCT does not require a separate primary structure. Instead, it...
24 kV Current Transformer (Indoor Type) is a medium-voltage instrument transformer designed for 24 kV power systems, commonly used on 22 kV and 20 kV distribution networks. It accurately converts high primary current into a standardized secondary current (typically 1 A or 5 A) for metering, protection, monitoring, and control while providing complete electrical isolation...
12 kV Current Transformer (Indoor Type) is a medium-voltage instrument transformer designed for 12 kV power systems (typically used on 11 kV distribution networks). It accurately converts high primary current into a standardized secondary current (typically 1 A or 5 A) for metering, protection, monitoring, and control while providing complete electrical isolation between...
245 kV Current Transformer (Top-core Type) is an extra-high-voltage (EHV) outdoor instrument transformer designed for 245 kV systems, commonly used on 220 kV transmission networks. It accurately converts high primary current into a standardized secondary current (typically 1 A or 5 A) for metering, protection, monitoring, and control while providing complete electrical i...
145 kV Current Transformer (Top-core Type) is a high-voltage outdoor instrument transformer designed for 145 kV systems, typically used on 132 kV transmission networks. It converts high primary current into a standardized secondary current (typically 1 A or 5 A) for metering, protection, monitoring, and control while providing complete electrical isolation between the hi...
36 kV Current Transformer (Top-core Type) is a medium-voltage outdoor instrument transformer designed for power systems with a rated voltage of 36 kV (typically used on 33 kV networks). It measures high primary current and converts it into a standardized secondary current (typically 1 A or 5 A) for metering, protection, and control while providing electrical isolation be...
362 kV Current Transformer (Hair-pin Type) is an extra-high-voltage (EHV) instrument transformer designed to accurately transform high primary currents into standardized low secondary currents (typically 1 A or 5 A) for metering, protection, and monitoring in 362 kV substations. The "hair-pin" designation refers to the primary conductor configuration, where a U-shaped (h...
145 kV Current Transformer (Hair-pin Type) is a high-voltage outdoor instrument transformer used in 132 kV and 145 kV air-insulated substations (AIS). It accurately converts high primary currents into standardized secondary currents (1 A or 5 A) for protective relays, energy metering, fault recording, and substation automation. The hair-pin type features an integral U-sh...
36 kV Current Transformer (Hair-pin Type) is a medium-voltage instrument transformer designed to measure high primary currents and provide scaled, isolated current signals for metering, protection, and control. The term "hair-pin type" refers to the shape of the primary conductor, which is bent like a hairpin (U-shaped), forming an integral primary winding through the tr...
Semi-Pantograph Disconnector (Semi-Pantograph Isolator) is a high-voltage disconnector used in air-insulated substations (AIS) to provide visible electrical isolation of transmission equipment. It combines features of a conventional disconnector and a pantograph mechanism, making it particularly suitable for substations with restricted space or where equipment is mounted...
A Medium Voltage AC Drive (MV AC Drive), also called a Medium Voltage Variable Frequency Drive (MV VFD) or Medium Voltage Adjustable Speed Drive, is a power electronic device used to control the speed, torque, and power consumption of medium-voltage AC motors by varying the output voltage and frequency. It is widely used for large motors in industrial and utility applica...
A Medium Voltage Motor (MV Motor) is an electric motor designed to operate at medium voltage levels, typically from 1 kV to 35 kV (and in some applications up to 69 kV). MV motors are used for driving large industrial loads where high power output, efficiency, and reliability are required. Common applications include: ·Pumps ·Fans ·Compressors ·Conveyors ·Crushers ·Mill...
A Medium Voltage Fault Current Limiter (MV Fault Current Limiter / UFCL) is a protection device designed to rapidly reduce excessive short-circuit currents in medium-voltage electrical networks. It limits fault current magnitude within the first few milliseconds after a fault occurs, helping protect switchgear, transformers, cables, generators, and distribution equipment...
An AAAC (All Aluminum Alloy Conductor) is an overhead electrical conductor made entirely from aluminum alloy strands. It is mainly used for medium-voltage and high-voltage overhead distribution and transmission lines where high strength, corrosion resistance, and reduced weight are required. AAAC was developed as an alternative to AAC (All Aluminum Conductor) and ACSR (...
A Medium Voltage Cable (MV Cable) is a power cable designed to transmit and distribute electrical energy at medium voltage levels, typically from 1 kV up to 35 kV (sometimes up to 69 kV depending on regional classification). MV cables are widely used in distribution networks, industrial facilities, renewable energy plants, substations, and utility power systems. MV cabl...
A Static Var Generator (SVG), also known as a STATCOM (Static Synchronous Compensator), is a power electronic-based FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission System) device used for dynamic reactive power compensation, voltage regulation, power factor correction, and harmonic mitigation. Unlike an SVC, which uses thyristor-controlled reactors and capacitor banks, an SVG uses a vo...
A Static Var Compensator (SVC) is a shunt-connected FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission System) device used to provide fast dynamic reactive power compensation in electrical power systems. It regulates system voltage by rapidly generating or absorbing reactive power (MVAR) through controlled switching of reactors and capacitor banks using thyristors. SVCs are widely used in...
An Active Harmonic Filter (AHF) is a power electronic device used to detect and eliminate harmonic currents in electrical power systems. It injects an equal and opposite compensation current into the network to cancel unwanted harmonics, improve power quality, and reduce distortion. Unlike passive harmonic filters that use fixed combinations of capacitors and reactors, ...
A Line Trap (also called a Wave Trap or Carrier Blocking Coil) is a high-voltage power system component used in Power Line Carrier Communication (PLCC) systems. It is installed in series with a transmission line to block high-frequency communication signals from entering unwanted parts of the power network while allowing 50/60 Hz power frequency current to pass normally....
An Iron Core Reactor is an electrical reactor (inductor) that uses a magnetic iron or steel core to increase inductance and magnetic flux concentration. It is designed to provide controlled inductive impedance for reactive power compensation, current limiting, harmonic filtering, and voltage regulation in power systems. Unlike an Air Core Reactor, the iron core provides...
An Air Core Reactor (ACR) is a type of electrical reactor (inductor) that uses a coil winding without an iron or steel magnetic core. Its inductance is produced by the magnetic field generated in the surrounding air. It is widely used in transmission and distribution systems for current limiting, harmonic filtering, reactive power control, and power quality improvement. ...
A Super Capacitor (also called an Ultracapacitor or Electric Double-Layer Capacitor, EDLC) is an advanced energy storage device that stores electrical energy through electrostatic charge separation rather than chemical reactions used in conventional batteries. Super capacitors provide very high power density, extremely fast charging/discharging capability, and very long...
A Capacitor Bank is an assembly of multiple capacitor units connected together to provide reactive power compensation (kvar/Mvar) in electrical power systems. Capacitor banks are used to improve power factor, voltage stability, system efficiency, and power transmission capacity by supplying leading reactive power to offset inductive loads. They are widely installed in u...
A Capacitor Unit is a power system component used to supply reactive power (kvar), improve power factor, regulate voltage, and increase the efficiency and stability of electrical networks. Multiple capacitor units are typically connected together to form a capacitor bank installed in substations, distribution networks, industrial plants, and renewable energy systems. Ca...
A Mobile Substation is a transportable electrical substation designed to provide temporary, emergency, or rapidly deployable power transformation and distribution capability. It integrates major substation equipment—including transformers, high-voltage switchgear, medium-voltage switchgear, protection systems, control panels, and auxiliary systems—onto a trailer, skid, o...
A Unit Substation is an integrated electrical power distribution assembly consisting of a medium-voltage (MV) switchgear section, transformer, and low-voltage (LV) switchgear section installed as a coordinated package. It is designed to step down utility or plant medium voltage to low-voltage power for industrial, commercial, and infrastructure loads. Unit substations p...
A Skid-Mounted Substation is a factory-assembled modular electrical substation installed on a steel skid base frame for easy transportation, rapid installation, and simplified commissioning. It integrates major electrical equipment such as medium-voltage switchgear, transformers, low-voltage switchgear, protection systems, control panels, and auxiliary systems into a pre...
A Prefabricated Substation (E-House, Electrical House) is a factory-built modular electrical facility that integrates medium-voltage switchgear, low-voltage switchgear, transformers, protection systems, control systems, auxiliary power systems, and automation equipment into a pre-engineered enclosure. The complete unit is manufactured, wired, tested, and commissioned in ...
A 110/220V DC Power Supply System is an auxiliary power system used in power substations, industrial plants, power stations, and critical electrical facilities to provide reliable direct current (DC) power for protection, control, automation, communication, and emergency operations. The system converts AC auxiliary power into stable DC power through battery chargers and...
1. General Description 24kV Gas Insulated Medium Voltage Switchgear (C-GIS), also known as Compact Gas Insulated Switchgear, is a medium-voltage metal-enclosed switchgear system designed for 20kV/22kV/24kV distribution networks. C-GIS combines gas insulation technology with vacuum circuit breaker (VCB) interruption technology to provide a compact, reliable, and environ...
1. General Description 12kV Gas Insulated Medium Voltage Switchgear (C-GIS), also known as Compact Gas Insulated Switchgear, is a medium-voltage metal-enclosed switchgear system designed for distribution networks. It uses a gas-insulated compartment structure to provide reliable insulation and arc protection while maintaining a compact footprint. Unlike conventional Ai...
1. General Description 362kV Hybrid Gas Insulated Switchgear (HGIS) is an extra-high-voltage switching system that combines the advantages of Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS) and Air Insulated Switchgear (AIS) for high-capacity transmission networks. The HGIS design integrates major primary equipment—including the circuit breaker, disconnectors, earthing switches, curren...
1. General Description 170kV Hybrid Gas Insulated Switchgear (HGIS) is an extra-high-voltage switching system that combines the compact design of Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS) with the flexibility and lower cost of Air Insulated Switchgear (AIS). The primary switching equipment—such as the circuit breaker, disconnectors, earthing switches, current transformers (CT), a...
1. General Description 126kV Hybrid Gas Insulated Switchgear (HGIS) is an extra-high-voltage switching system that combines the compactness and reliability of Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS) with the flexibility and lower cost of Air Insulated Switchgear (AIS). The main switching equipment—including the circuit breaker, disconnectors, earthing switches, current transfor...
Automatic Circuit Breaker (Recloser), commonly known as a Recloser or Automatic Circuit Recloser (ACR), is an intelligent medium-voltage switching device that automatically interrupts fault current and then attempts to restore power by reclosing after a preset time delay. It is designed to clear temporary (transient) faults—such as those caused by lightning, tree branche...
